What is shading?

When designing a solar power plant, it’s very important to install photovoltaic arrays so that there are no obstacles such as trees, pillars, tubes, etc., whether during installation or in the future near arrays. In some cases, due to the presence of a stringer behind another stringer, the standard distance from the back of the stringer panels is shadowed, resulting in a negative phenomenon called hot spot or hot spot. As a simple method, it is possible to calculate the shadow rate with the exact dimensions of the module or the solar panel, and if you calculate the exact distance between each row of panels, you can use special software such as pvsyst or pvsol.